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Search across 26,669 articles about elder fraud. Filter by fraud type, payment mechanism, or keywords.

4,606 results in Tech Support Scams
cnet.com
Gift card fraud resulted in $54.4 million in losses during Q3 2024, with 11,743 incidents reported to the FTC, making vigilance especially important during the holiday shopping season. Common scams include thieves draining stolen or tampered physical cards before recipients use them, impersonating friends or family members via text or voice cloning to request emergency gift cards, purchasing fraudulent cards on resale sites, and fake prize schemes requiring gift cards as payment. To protect themselves, consumers should inspect physical cards for tampering, verify requests through direct contact, avoid discounted cards on auction sites, and remember that legitimate prizes never require advance payment.
wrtv.com
An 82-year-old Florida woman lost over $40,000 in a lottery scam where a caller claiming to represent Mega Millions told her she had won $8 million and instructed her to send cash to an Indianapolis address to cover taxes. The scammer used fake check deposits and promises of prize money to convince the victim to wire multiple shipments of cash via UPS, though authorities have not recovered the funds or identified the actual perpetrator. This case exemplifies the rising tide of elder fraud, with the FBI reporting $3.4 billion in losses to people age 60 and older in 2023—an 11 percent increase from the previous year.
foxnews.com
In 2023, cyberscammers stole $477 million from veterans, military personnel, and their spouses—a $63 million increase from 2022—affecting 30,948 military members, according to FTC data. Common scams targeting this population include romance scams (the most prevalent, costing over $40 million in 2020), veterans' benefit scams offering fraudulent benefit increases, phishing emails impersonating government agencies or the IRS, and rental property scams. The article provides details on these five major scam types and advises military members to be cautious of unsolicited offers and suspicious communications requesting personal information or upfront
insidebitcoins.com
Shizuku Ida, a 27-year-old woman, defrauded approximately 100 men of roughly 100 million yen ($656,000) through an elaborate romance scam conducted on social media and dating apps. Using the alias "Yuu," Ida posed as a hostess and fabricated emotionally compelling stories—including claims of lost money, unpaid debts, and suicidal ideation—to manipulate victims into sending money, which she spent on internet casinos and entertainment. She was arrested after defrauding a Yamagata man of 346,000 yen in October, with experts noting that the lack of face-to-
mcknightsseniorliving.com
From July 2023 to June 2024, the Department of Justice pursued over 300 enforcement actions against 700+ defendants who stole nearly $700 million from 225,000 elder fraud victims, while recovering $31 million and providing services to 230,000+ older adults. Investment scams caused the highest losses at $1.2 billion, followed by tech support scams ($590 million), business email compromise ($382 million), romance scams ($357 million), and government impersonation scams ($180 million), with the DOJ's National Elder Fraud Hotline receiving over 50,000 calls in the past year.
local.aarp.org
Family caregivers play a crucial role in protecting older adults from fraud, as seniors lose billions annually to scams including tech support, lottery, grandparent, investment, imposter, and romance schemes. AARP recommends caregivers maintain open communication with loved ones, educate them about common fraud tactics, establish protective financial measures, and monitor for signs of social isolation that increase scam vulnerability. Resources and guidance are available at www.aarp.org/fraud to help families prevent and respond to fraud targeting older adults.
wesa.fm
As Medicare's December 7 enrollment deadline approaches, scammers pose as Medicare officials or insurance company representatives via phone calls, texts, and emails to trick older adults into disclosing Social Security numbers and sensitive information. Medicare and most private insurers will not initiate unsolicited phone contact; instead, beneficiaries should expect written letters and can verify communications by calling official toll-free numbers directly. Older adults and caregivers should avoid providing personal information to unexpected callers, be wary of robocalls, start enrollment early to reduce deadline pressure, and consult reputable sources like Medicare.gov or state health insurance assistance programs.
acamstoday.org
During the 2024 holiday season, scammers exploit increased shopping and financial transactions through six primary threats: phishing/smishing attacks impersonating banks and retailers, fake e-commerce sites and social media ads offering unrealistic deals, and charity scams mimicking legitimate nonprofits. Consumers are advised to verify sender authenticity, avoid clicking unsolicited links, research retailers thoroughly, and donate only through verified charity websites, while bank employees should monitor accounts for unusual activity and educate customers about legitimate communication practices.
tribuneindia.com
Fraudsters impersonating police officers are increasingly targeting citizens through calls and digital means, creating panic and extorting money by falsely claiming victims are implicated in criminal activities. Experts recommend multiple preventive measures including: enhanced public awareness about "digital arrest" scams (which are illegal), better police capacity building in cybercrime investigation, stricter sentencing laws, reporting suspicious calls to the national cyber crime helpline (1930), and collaboration between police and telecom providers to combat these scams.
businesstoday.in
Deepfake scams use AI to create hyper-realistic fake videos, audio, and images to defraud individuals and financial institutions, with approximately 3% of KYC fraud cases already involving deepfakes. Fraudsters exploit emotional manipulation by impersonating loved ones in distress calls requesting money or by creating fake identities to bypass security checks. To protect yourself, verify unexpected requests by contacting the person directly, watch for audio-video lag in video calls, request official email follow-ups from known domains, limit personal information on social media, and use deepfake detection tools.
jamaica-gleaner.com
This educational article outlines key strategies for protecting oneself from cyberscams, emphasizing the "three S's": stay suspicious, stop to think, and stay protected. Common scam tactics exploit fear, urgency, and money as bait, with particular vulnerability among seniors and isolated individuals through romance scams, job scams, robocalls, and impersonation schemes; experts recommend verifying contacts through official channels and using reverse-image searches to identify fake profiles.
indiatvnews.com
India experienced a significant cybercrime surge in 2024, with approximately Rs 120.3 crore lost to "digital arrest" scams from January to April alone, where criminals impersonate law enforcement via video calls to coerce victims into paying money under threat of arrest. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) warned of related scams involving fake service disconnection threats, while the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal recorded 7.4 lakh complaints in Q1 2024, reflecting a steep increase from previous years. Victims should report suspicious calls through official portals and avoid making payments when threatened with legal action or service interruptions.
legalserviceindia.com
India's Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has prohibited transactions through "mule accounts"—bank or brokerage accounts used to conceal the true identity of individuals conducting illegal financial activities such as market manipulation, insider trading, and money laundering. The regulatory action targets a growing threat to market integrity, as rising digital trading platforms have made it easier for criminals to create mule accounts using fake or stolen identities to artificially inflate or deflate stock prices and mislead investors. This 2024 amendment strengthens SEBI's enforcement framework to enhance transparency, accountability, and investor protection in Indian securities markets.
boston25news.com
Boston Police Department warned the public of a scam targeting seniors in which fraudsters impersonate government officials or tech support workers, claiming bank accounts have been compromised and directing victims to withdraw cash or purchase precious metals like gold and silver. The scammers then arrange for a "courier" to collect the funds in person using a code word, disappearing with the money and never returning. Police advised the public to avoid unsolicited requests to buy metals, never meet strangers to hand over cash, and refrain from clicking links or calling numbers from unknown senders.
techradar.com
Quishing, a form of phishing that uses fraudulent QR codes, is becoming an increasingly common scam threat warned about by UK banks, regulators, and the US Federal Trade Commission. Scammers send malicious QR codes via email or place them on real-world objects like parking machines; when scanned, they direct victims to fake websites designed to steal personal information, payment details, or install malware. These attacks are difficult to detect because QR code content isn't visible before scanning and often bypass security tools, with a May 2024 survey finding that over 20% of UK online scams likely involved QR codes.
klfy.com
Meta is developing new security features for Facebook and Instagram, including facial recognition technology and video selfie verification, to protect users from account hacks, extortion, and celeb-baiting scams (where fraudsters use celebrity likenesses to trick users into sharing personal information or money). The technology will allow locked-out users to recover their accounts faster and will be rolled out to Louisiana users in the coming weeks, with facial data used only for verification purposes and not stored in databases.
cbc.ca
The article covers two topics: Canada's closure of TikTok's offices due to national security concerns and the potential implications for users, with tech experts weighing in on the possibility of a full app ban; it also provides guidance on identifying Taylor Swift ticket scams, which have proliferated as demand for her concert tickets remains high.
mirror.co.uk
A survey of 100 fraud cases by the National Fraud Helpline found that 74% of victims had a mental health condition, with additional vulnerabilities including physical disabilities, long-term illnesses, recent life crises (income loss, relationship breakdown, bereavement), and language barriers. Victims lost an average of £15,095 each through various scams including romance, cryptocurrency, rental, and investment schemes, with psychological consequences including depression and suicidal ideation. The study highlights how scammers deliberately target vulnerable populations and calls for greater protective measures from government, banks, and technology companies.
cleveland.com
Scam losses in Cuyahoga County, Ohio more than doubled in the first 10 months of 2024, with 890 reported scams totaling $2.9 million (averaging $25,610 per victim), up from 774 scams and $1.2 million the previous year. The majority of scams (53%) now involve criminals posing as trusted companies or government employees, with particularly sophisticated schemes including fake tech support pop-ups leading to remote computer access and unauthorized fund transfers, fake sheriff impersonations threatening arrest for missed jury duty, and targeted email/pop-up alerts that convince victims to move all their savings to bitcoin accounts—some victims lost
cadillacnews.com
Lake City businesses are warning each other about an email scam in which fraudsters pose as event planners requesting large catering orders (such as 300 cupcakes), then ask the business to process a payment on their behalf, promising to reimburse them later. Red flags include unusually large order sizes, poorly worded emails suggesting use of an online translator, mentions of hiring professionals like DJs or event planners, and the scammer's refusal to communicate by phone (claiming hearing impairments). Business owners recommend verifying legitimacy through direct phone calls before accepting orders or making payments.
aarp.org
A Colorado woman named Debbie Fox fell victim to a romance scam after meeting a man named Russell online who posed as a successful businessman; after weeks of communication, he manipulated her into sending him nearly $60,000 by claiming he needed help with a work crisis overseas and appealing to her guilt when she initially refused. The scam highlights how fraudsters exploit emotional connections and personal values to persuade victims to transfer funds, and the podcast episode features Debbie's courageous decision to share her story publicly to help raise awareness about this common type of elder fraud.
techradar.com
A Netskope report found that approximately three in every 1,000 banking employees fall victim to phishing scams monthly, meaning over 1,000 UK bank workers are potentially clicking malicious links each month. Hackers succeed by designing fake websites mimicking legitimate banks to steal login credentials and account information, with Russian criminal groups identified as the primary threat actors using malware families like SLoad and AgentTesla. The report recommends banks implement stronger security measures including multi-factor authentication, employee training, email verification practices, and thorough inspection of downloads to prevent fraud.
home.barclays
Barclays warns that purchase scams are rising significantly, with 72% originating on social media, and the average claim exceeding £700 in 2024. Despite 55% of Black Friday shoppers expressing concern about scams, only 51% conduct any checks before purchasing and 84% are overconfident they won't be victimized—with 37% citing scam fears as their reason to avoid the sales entirely. The bank recommends shoppers verify retailer legitimacy and reviews before checkout, as the pressure of limited-time deals (FOMO) increases vulnerability to fraud.
irishtechnews.ie
This educational piece discusses the prevalence and types of online scams targeting seniors, drawing parallels between modern cyber-scammers and historical fraud schemes. In 2023, the Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre processed 62,365 fraud reports totaling over $554 million in losses, with seniors especially vulnerable due to their trust and familiarity with traditional communication. Common scams include phishing emails, tech support pop-ups, fraudulent government calls threatening legal action, and romance scams, with the article emphasizing that skepticism, verification of requests, and avoiding hasty responses are key protective measures.
wydaily.com
Online scams caused an estimated $1 trillion in global losses in 2023, with Americans over 60 experiencing more than $3.4 billion in losses that year, primarily through tech support scams and investment schemes involving cryptocurrency. Experts are convening at the Global Anti-Scam Summit in November 2023 to develop cross-industry and international strategies to combat increasingly sophisticated scams that operate across multiple countries. The FBI advises people to consult trusted friends and family before responding to suspicious communications and warns of scammers exploiting the 2024 election for fraud.
indiatoday.in
Multiple victims in India lost significant sums—including a man from Udupi who lost Rs 14 lakh and a 63-year-old from Hyderabad who lost Rs 50 lakh—after being added to WhatsApp groups by scammers posing as financial advisors offering stock market tips and high returns. The scammers directed victims to download fraudulent investment apps (such as "Causeway" and "Skyrim Capital"), where victims initially saw fake profits but were then locked out when attempting to withdraw funds. The article advises protecting oneself by avoiding unknown contacts online, being wary of guaranteed or extremely high returns (a hallmark of fraud), an
indiatvnews.com
An Udupi man lost Rs 14 lakh and a 63-year-old Hyderabad man lost Rs 50 lakh in fake investment scams involving WhatsApp groups promoting bogus trading apps ("Causeway" and "Skyrim Capital") that promised unrealistic returns and locked victims out of their accounts after deposits. Scammers exploit seniors' unfamiliarity with technology by adding them to fraudulent investment groups and fake apps designed to appear legitimate, making it critical for users to verify apps through official stores, avoid unsolicited investment groups, and consult certified financial advisors rather than relying on messaging app recommendations.
retail-systems.com
An Indiana woman who lost $1,000 to a gift card scam was denied a class action lawsuit against Google after a federal judge ruled that Google had no legal obligation to refund victims, determining the losses resulted from third-party fraud rather than Google's misconduct. The victim, Judy May, had fallen for a scam in April 2021 in which a fraudster impersonating a relative directed her to purchase Google Play gift cards as supposed upfront costs for federal grant money. The ruling reflects broader concerns about gift card fraud, with Americans losing $217 million to such scams in 2023, though the judge allowed May to refile certain claims within 45 days.
kmvt.com
The Office on Aging in Ketchum, Idaho reported a rise in financial scams targeting elderly residents and hosted a fraud prevention seminar on November 7 featuring officials from the Idaho Department of Finance, AARP, and Idaho Commission on Aging. The event aimed to educate the community about common scams affecting seniors, including fake virus pop-ups and romance scams that exploit lonely individuals for significant sums of money.
timesofsandiego.com
The San Diego Seniors Community Foundation and FBI are hosting free Elder Fraud Prevention seminars during International Fraud Week to educate seniors about recognizing and avoiding scams. In 2023, seniors over age 60 reported losses exceeding $3.4 billion to the Internet Crime Complaint Center, with tech support fraud being the most common crime type affecting this age group ($600 million in losses) and investment scams being the costliest ($1.2 billion). The seminars will cover common fraud schemes including romance scams, tech support fraud, cryptocurrency scams, and investment fraud.
kgun9.com
Arizona experienced a 36% surge in elder fraud cases from 2022 to 2023, prompting the Green Valley Council to host Fight Fraud Day at a local recreation center, where the Pima County Sheriff's Department warned residents about evolving scams including voice cloning, number spoofing, and romantic fraud schemes that increasingly target the retirement community. The presentation demonstrated how artificial intelligence and voice cloning technology are being weaponized to impersonate family members and create fraudulent stories, with Green Valley residents reporting 2-3 scam attempts daily ranging from telephone fraud to compromised bank accounts. The PCSD provided fraud prevention resources and encourages residents to remain skeptical of unsolic
republicanherald.com
This educational piece outlines nine common scam tactics and warning signs, including unsolicited phone calls claiming to be from banks or government agencies, requests for untraceable payment methods (gift cards, prepaid debit cards), poor quality communications with misspellings, upfront payment demands, and pre-checked boxes for recurring donations. The author advises readers to verify caller identity independently, watch for threats or "too good to be true" offers, and report suspected scams to the Pennsylvania Attorney General's office.
regtechtimes.com
Franklin Ikechukwu Nwadialo, a 40-year-old Nigerian man, was arrested upon arrival at a Texas airport and charged with 14 counts of wire fraud for operating a romance scam that defrauded victims of over $3.3 million. Using fake dating profiles under the alias "Giovanni," Nwadialo posed as a U.S. military member overseas and convinced victims to send money through various pretexts, including military fines and investment opportunities, with one victim losing over $2.4 million. If convicted, Nwadialo faces up to 20 years in prison per count.
crypto.news
Coinbase's Chief Information Security Officer identifies social engineering scams as the top threat to crypto users, advising people to ignore unsolicited calls from exchanges, verify contacts through official channels (which can prevent up to 80% of such scams), and avoid sending crypto to unknown individuals. Additional threats include deepfake technology used to impersonate leaders and romance scams exploiting emotional vulnerabilities, with Coinbase addressing these risks through AI-driven fraud detection and machine learning monitoring, while advocating for industry-wide information sharing through initiatives like the Crypto Information Sharing and Analysis Center.
timesofindia.indiatimes.com
A federal judge ruled that Google is not liable for losses from Google Play gift card scams, determining the company did not cause the fraud or knowingly receive stolen funds. Plaintiff Judy May lost $1,000 after being tricked into buying gift cards by a scammer posing as a relative, but the court found Google's retention of standard 15-30% commissions on fraudulent purchases was unrelated to the initial scam. The judge dismissed the lawsuit and class action claim for triple damages, though May was permitted to refile her case.
livemint.com
A 63-year-old man from Hyderabad lost ₹50 lakh after being recruited into a fraudulent stock market scheme via WhatsApp, where a scammer posing as financial advisor "Kunal Singh" promised exceptional returns and directed victims to invest through a fake platform called "Skyrim Capital." The article also documents two separate cases in Bengaluru where victims lost money (including ₹19 lakh) after being deceived by deepfake videos featuring prominent business figures promoting fraudulent trading platforms. Authorities advise elderly citizens to avoid joining unverified investment groups on messaging apps and recognize guaranteed high returns as a major red flag.
indiatvnews.com
A 63-year-old man in Hyderabad lost ₹50 lakh after joining a fraudulent "Stock Discussion Group" on WhatsApp where a scammer posed as financial advisor "Kunal Singh," promised unrealistic returns, and funneled him to a fake platform called "Skyrim Capital." Simultaneously, scammers in Bengaluru used deepfake videos of prominent business figures Narayana Murthy and Mukesh Ambani to defraud elderly investors, with victims like Ashok Kumar losing ₹19 lakh. Authorities warn senior citizens to avoid unverified financial groups on social media, verify investment advisors
arstechnica.com
In 2021, Judy May lost $1,000 to scammers who posed as government grant representatives and convinced her to purchase Google Play gift cards; a federal judge ruled Monday that Google cannot be held liable for refusing her refund, finding that scammers—not Google—induced the purchase. Google Play gift card scams accounted for 20 percent of all reported gift card scams between 2018-2021, resulting in over $17 million in collective losses, yet the court determined Google was not responsible despite the company collecting 15-30 percent commissions on fraudulent purchases and possessing the technical capability to track and prevent such transactions.
lifehacker.com
Last year saw 2.6 million fraud reports with $10 billion in losses, as scammers employ psychological manipulation tactics to deceive victims. The article identifies three primary techniques scammers use: impersonating authority figures to exploit deference, creating time pressure and artificial scarcity to trigger emotional responses, and using incremental requests (foot-in-the-door) to gradually escalate victim cooperation. Awareness of these tactics—such as recognizing that legitimate authorities welcome verification and that legitimate businesses never demand snap decisions—can help people protect themselves from Romance Scams, Impostor Scams, Delivery Scams, and similar frauds.
theglobeandmail.com
Scammers are increasingly using artificial intelligence—including deepfakes, convincing emails, and fake trading bots—to perpetrate investment fraud, with a Canadian study showing people invested 22% more in AI-enhanced scams compared to traditional ones. Vulnerable populations include elderly investors, recent immigrants, and younger self-directed investors, with documented cases including a man from Barrie, Ontario who lost $11,000 to a deepfake video of Justin Trudeau in September 2023. The Ontario Securities Commission found that investor education about warning signs reduced AI scam investments by 10%, while technology-based detection tools proved most effective, reducing fraudulent investments by nearly one-
wired.com
**Scammer Payback Answers Scam Questions** (11/05/2024) YouTube scambaiter Pierogi from Scammer Payback identifies key red flags of scams, including pressure to make quick decisions, requests for remote computer access, and demands for payment via gift cards, Cash App, wire transfers, or Bitcoin. The video addresses common scam types including tech support pop-ups, romance scams (citing a case where a 90+ year old woman was defrauded of tens of thousands of dollars by someone posing as a celebrity), and explains why scammers prefer gift cards for money laundering and anonymity, while demonstrating
Romance Scams Crypto Investment Scams Tech Support Scams Phishing Sextortion Cryptocurrency Wire Transfer Gift Cards Payment App
echolive.ie
A retired Irish police officer and his wife fell victim to a sophisticated phishing scam while in Cyprus when they received a convincing text message impersonating their bank; though a scammer obtained personal information during the subsequent phone call, the bank's fraud detection team blocked an attempted €2,500 transaction and prevented financial loss. The incident caused significant inconvenience including card cancellations, replacement delays, and disrupted standing orders, and the author emphasizes that such scams are increasingly convincing and can target even tech-savvy, educated individuals, urging people to follow professional fraud awareness advice from organizations like FraudSMART rather than assuming they cannot be deceived.
commbank.com.au
This article identifies the five most common scams affecting Australians: investment scams (where fake ads lead to fraudulent investment offers), remote access scams (where scammers gain device access via phone impersonation), romance scams (involving fake online identities and requests for money), phishing (fraudulent emails/texts impersonating legitimate sources), and payment redirection scams (using fake email addresses to redirect business payments to fraudulent accounts). The article provides descriptions of how each scam operates and warning signs to watch for, serving as an educational guide for consumers to recognize and avoid these fraud schemes.
vermontbiz.com
Comcast and the nonprofit Technology for Tomorrow (T4T) held an educational session during National Digital Inclusion Week to teach internet safety and digital literacy, particularly serving older adults, immigrants, and workforce development participants in Vermont. T4T and Comcast partnered to expand digital skills training and launched a Digital Navigator program providing personalized guidance on cybersecurity, recommending two key safety practices: enabling Two-Factor Authentication on accounts and using minimal phone greetings to prevent voice cloning scams.
yahoo.com
The Elmira Heights Police Department is hosting a free scam prevention educational class on November 11 at Village Hall, presented by the Upstate Elder Abuse Center at Lifespan of Greater Rochester. The presentation will teach seniors how to recognize and avoid common scams targeting older adults, including impersonation, romance, tech support, virtual kidnapping, military, charity, and check scams.
firstpost.com
Fraud is now the leading crime against seniors in Canada, with sophisticated scams exploiting technological vulnerabilities and seniors' social isolation. Common schemes include grandparent fraud ($9.4 million in losses from 2,494 victims), romance scams (Canadians lost $59 million in 2022), and phishing attacks ($58 million in losses in 2022), all enhanced by AI and voice simulation technology. Despite widespread awareness campaigns, seniors remain vulnerable due to lower digital confidence (only 26% feel very confident with technology) and emotional manipulation that overrides caution.
timesofindia.indiatimes.com
A woman in her 60s from Noida lost Rs 50,000 in a money transfer scam when a caller impersonating her husband's client convinced her to transfer funds; the scammer deactivated their phone number before she realized the fraud. Money transfer scams exploit trust and urgency through impersonation, emotional manipulation, and complex schemes, with seniors increasingly targeted. Protection strategies include verifying caller identity through independent channels, avoiding urgent payment requests, using strong passwords with two-factor authentication, and reporting suspected fraud to authorities.
timesnownews.com
A 34-year-old man from Anand, India lost Rs 3 lakh (approximately $3,600 USD) in a cyber scam after searching online for escort services to address loneliness following his 2015 separation. The scammer, posing as "Manik Gaus," repeatedly charged the victim for fictitious fees (insurance, police protection, social security, hotel entry) and directed him to various hotels over a week without providing any actual services. The victim reported the fraud to Mahemdavad police, who initiated an investigation under India's Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and Information Technology Act.
yahoo.com
A phishing scam uses images of recipients' homes obtained from Google Maps and personal information from past data breaches to threaten victims with fabricated claims of compromising video footage, demanding payment in Bitcoin or cash. To protect yourself, verify house photos against Google Maps street view, examine sender email addresses for authenticity and check SPF/DKIM/DMARC authentication results, and avoid clicking unfamiliar links—scammers typically lack actual compromising material and rely on fear tactics to extort money.
cbsnews.com
A Massachusetts woman lost thousands of dollars in a sophisticated impersonation scam when callers posing as Border Patrol and U.S. Marshals convinced her that a package with her name contained drugs and contraband. Despite verifying the callers' names and phone numbers on official federal websites (a technique called "spoofing"), she was directed to deposit money into a Bitcoin machine under the false premise that freezing her accounts would protect her assets. The scam, which uses advanced technology including AI voice replication and data scraping, has been reported nationally, and the victim now struggles to afford rent at her affordable housing complex.
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