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On May 12, 2025, the Department of Justice's Criminal Division issued updated enforcement priorities emphasizing three core principles: focus, fairness, and efficiency in prosecuting white-collar and corporate crimes. Elder fraud was specifically identified as a priority enforcement area alongside investor fraud, Ponzi schemes, and fraud threatening consumer health and safety, along with healthcare fraud affecting Medicare and Medicaid. The Department prioritized prosecuting individual perpetrators while considering civil and administrative remedies for corporations, taking into account factors such as self-reporting, cooperation, and remediation efforts.

In 2023, scams targeting seniors aged 60 and older caused over $3.4 billion in losses—an 11% increase from the previous year—with particularly severe consequences for retirees who struggle to recover stolen life savings and face reduced access to healthcare and housing. Brevard County is combating this epidemic through community initiatives including Scam Jam, a fraud prevention workshop by Helping Seniors of Brevard and AARP's Fraud Watch Network that educates seniors on recognizing scam tactics and identity theft prevention, with over 70 participants graduating from the first session. The article provides warning signs of scams (pressure to act quickly, requests for gift cards or

A nationwide health care fraud takedown resulted in 324 defendants charged across the United States for schemes involving over $14.6 billion in false billings and illegal drug diversion, with authorities seizing over $245 million in assets. Four defendants were charged in the Eastern District of Louisiana, including the co-owner of a diagnostic laboratory who allegedly defrauded Medicare of approximately $4.4 million through over $30 million in false genetic testing claims, and a physician who billed Medicare approximately $24 million for medically unnecessary genetic testing. These schemes targeted Medicare and programs serving elderly and disabled populations through kickback schemes and fraudulent billing practices.

Medicare scams cost billions annually by targeting older adults through unsolicited calls, texts, and online ads impersonating Medicare or medical providers to obtain Medicare numbers, which scammers then use to fraudulently bill Medicare for services or equipment never received. Victims face risks including denied coverage, identity theft, financial stress, and compromised access to needed healthcare services. The Office of the Insurance Commissioner recommends protecting yourself by never sharing Medicare or Social Security numbers with unsolicited contacts, being skeptical of "free" offers, regularly reviewing statements for suspicious charges, and reporting fraud to 1-800-MEDICARE or your local Senior Medicare Patrol.

The Department of Justice announced charges against over 300 defendants in the largest coordinated healthcare fraud takedown in U.S. history, alleging they defrauded Medicare and private insurance programs of approximately $14.6 billion through unnecessary medical procedures and illegal schemes. Cases included unnecessary skin grafts applied to elderly and terminally ill Medicare patients in Arizona, a transnational catheter fraud operation involving Russian-based criminals who filed $10.6 billion in fraudulent Medicare claims using stolen identities, and the illegal distribution of 15 million prescription opioid pills by medical professionals and pharmacies. The DOJ established a new "fusion center" to consolidate data and combat healthcare fraud, which represents

Michigan participated in the Department of Justice's 2025 National Health Care Fraud Takedown, which resulted in criminal charges against 324 defendants nationwide involving over $14.6 billion in false billings and 15.6 million illegally diverted controlled substance pills, with $245 million in assets seized. Two Michigan cases were charged: James Alexander Carthron billed Medicaid approximately $11,000 for 23 telephone visits he did not provide, and Daleena Taree Miller billed Medicaid $8,640 for services she did not render and falsified medical records as a Community Living Support worker.

A 2025 national health care fraud takedown resulted in criminal charges against 324 defendants across 50 federal districts for schemes involving over $14.6 billion in alleged fraud, with 19 individuals charged in Florida's Middle District alone for defrauding Medicare and programs serving elderly and disabled beneficiaries. Key defendants included William Balsamo, charged with operating a telemedicine kickback scheme that caused at least $9 million in Medicare losses, and Edward Cannatelli, Robbyn Cannatelli, Thomas Farese, and Virginia Lockett, charged with conspiracy to defraud Medicare through medically unnecessary physician orders generated via telemarketing

An anesthesiology resident at Seattle Children's Hospital and UW Medical Center was criminally charged with diverting narcotic medications (fentanyl and hydromorphone) for personal use over at least a year, sometimes while working and treating patients; simultaneously, Pinnacle Health PC, a Seattle medical practice, settled a civil case for billing over $500,000 to federal programs for experimental, unapproved treatments. These cases were part of a nationwide 2025 healthcare fraud takedown involving 324 defendants charged with $14.6 billion in alleged false billings and illegal diversion of 15 million controlled substance pills.

Charles Schumer, 75, of Freeland, Michigan, was charged with embezzling over $200,000 from a vulnerable adult relative for whom he served as attorney-in-fact, allegedly transferring retirement assets to his business account and making unauthorized purchases that did not benefit the victim. Schumer faces two 20-year felony counts: Embezzlement of $100,000 or more by an Agent and Embezzlement from a Vulnerable Adult. The case was prosecuted by Michigan's Attorney General Health Care Fraud Division.

Dr. Sophie Toya, a Michigan physician, was sentenced to four years in federal prison on June 26, 2025, for orchestrating a $6.3 million Medicare fraud scheme involving over 7,900 medically unnecessary orthotic braces prescribed to more than 2,600 elderly and disabled patients, often without clinical evaluation or patient contact. Toya used deceptive television advertisements and telehealth consultations to solicit prescriptions, with some patients receiving multiple braces in single visits and undercover agents obtaining prescriptions after less than one-minute phone calls. In addition to her prison sentence, Toya was ordered to pay $3.6 million in restit

Healthcare clinic operator Oscar B. Abrons III was sentenced to four years in jail for his role in a prescription medication diversion scheme that defrauded California's Medi-Cal program of over $20 million between 2014 and 2016. Operating an unlicensed clinic called God's Property with co-conspirators Steven Derrick Fleming and Mohamed Waddah El-Nachef, Abrons paid Medi-Cal beneficiaries cash to obtain unnecessary prescriptions for HIV medications, antipsychotics, and controlled substances that were then sold on the illicit market. El-Nachef, who became the state's top HIV medication prescriber during

CMS issued a warning about fraudulent fax requests falsely claiming to be Medicare audits, in which scammers impersonate CMS to trick healthcare providers into releasing medical records. CMS clarified that it does not initiate audits via fax and advised providers to verify all audit requests through Noridian and report suspicious communications to CMS.

Arizona's Medicaid Fraud Control Unit received the Inspector General's Award for Fighting Fraud, Waste, and Abuse from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in 2025, marking the second time in five years the office earned this honor. In fiscal year 2024, the unit achieved 91 indictments, 41 convictions, and recovered over $74 million, with joint investigations yielding an additional $140 million in recoveries through cases involving drug diversion, patient abuse, unnecessary surgeries, and fraudulent billing schemes across 44 provider types.

Senior Scam Alerts, a new free weekly newsletter launched in June 2025, aims to educate older Americans about fraud prevention through coverage of scam types, detection methods, and reporting procedures. According to FBI data, seniors aged 60+ lost nearly $4.9 billion to scams in 2024—a 43% increase from the previous year with an average loss of $83,000 per victim—prompting this educational initiative drawing from trusted sources like the FBI and Department of Justice.

Senior Scam Alerts, a free weekly newsletter, launched in June 2025 to educate older Americans about fraud prevention following a crisis year in which Americans aged 60+ lost nearly $4.9 billion to scams in 2024—a 43% increase from the prior year with average losses exceeding $83,000 per victim. The newsletter covers various scam types including health insurance fraud, pig butchering, smishing, and grandparent scams, providing prevention tips, real-life case studies, and reporting resources drawn from trusted sources like the FBI and Department of Justice.

**Summary:** This educational piece from the Orcas Senior Center outlines how Medicare scams operate in four stages: scammers gain trust through unsolicited contact, request Medicare numbers under false pretenses, use those numbers to bill Medicare for fraudulent services, and ultimately compromise victims' benefits, health access, and financial security. The article provides protective measures including never sharing Medicare or Social Security numbers with unsolicited callers, remaining skeptical of "free" offers, reviewing statements regularly, and contacting 1-800-MEDICARE or local Senior Medicare Patrol for verification.

This educational resource presents a chart detailing common scams targeting consumers, including AI scams (deepfake impersonations), bank text scams (phishing for account information), billing/invoice scams (fake invoices demanding payment), brushing scams (unsolicited items to boost reviews), and charity scams. The guide identifies shared scammer tactics such as impersonation, creating urgency, and pressuring victims to share personal information, while offering specific identification and prevention strategies for each scam type. The material encourages sharing this information with friends and family as a primary defense against fraud.

Doctor spoofing calls, where scammers manipulate caller ID to impersonate doctors' offices, Medicare, pharmacies, or hospitals, were named the New York StateWide Senior Action Council's Medicare Fraud of the Month for June 2025. Scammers use these spoofed calls to trick seniors into revealing personal information such as Medicare numbers, Social Security numbers, and insurance details by claiming to need verification for medical services or test results. Seniors can protect themselves by hanging up and calling back using trusted phone numbers, never sharing personal information with unknown callers, avoiding "YES" or "NO" responses, and reporting suspected fraud to the NYS Senior Medicare Patrol Helpline at

Ohio Attorney General Dave Yost convened a sold-out World Elder Abuse Awareness Month conference at Ohio State University to address emerging threats to older adults, including cryptocurrency scams, modern financial fraud, and AI-enabled schemes in the digital era. Yost announced a new partnership with the Ohio Pharmacists Association to train pharmacists in recognizing abuse warning signs and promoting the Elder Abuse Hotline (1-855-OHIO-APS), leveraging pharmacists' regular contact with seniors over 60. The state's Elder Justice Unit and newly expanded Electronic Fraud Investigations unit work to identify criminal operations targeting older adults, recover stolen funds, and support victims across all demographic backgrounds

This educational piece from the Washington State Office of the Insurance Commissioner advises Medicare beneficiaries to review their quarterly Medicare Summary Notices (MSNs) as a primary defense against health care fraud. The article provides guidance on how to read MSNs effectively, identify red flags such as duplicate charges or unrecognized services, and report suspected fraud through Medicare or local Senior Medicare Patrol offices. Regular MSN review is presented as a critical tool to protect individual benefits while helping safeguard the broader Medicare program against billions in annual fraud losses.

Wisconsin residents reported receiving fraudulent letters impersonating a Canadian law firm claiming they were eligible to claim a $10 million life insurance policy (requesting $980,000 in processing fees) and a fake Medicare letter threatening penalty fees and requesting personal information from a soon-to-be Medicare enrollee. The article advises consumers to pause before acting, verify the sender's legitimacy, research common scam templates, and take preventative steps such as opting out of prescreened offers and reducing unsolicited mail through services like OptOutPrescreen.com and the DMA Mail Preference Service.

This article highlights San Joaquin County's District Attorney's office commitment to public safety and crime prosecution, and includes educational information from the FTC about health insurance scams where dishonest marketers misrepresent discount plans as legitimate health insurance coverage. The article also describes the services of a Family Justice Center, which provides coordinated support to victims of domestic violence, human trafficking, sexual assault, elder abuse, child abuse, and stalking.

This compilation of scam alerts documents multiple phishing and fraud schemes targeting individuals and organizations: a DocuSign phishing scam redirects victims to a Canva site potentially hosting malware like ScreenConnect; a "phantom payment" email uses hidden text to disguise phishing attempts; a fake "healthcare award" scam impersonates selection for professional programs to solicit video calls; and the University of Wyoming reported voicemail phishing emails with deceptive subject lines and non-audio file attachments. The alerts emphasize that mobile scams are increasingly prevalent, with half of US and UK mobile users encountering scams daily, and advise users to verify sender addresses, avoid clicking

**Health Insurance Discount Plan Scams:** Dishonest marketers deceive consumers by misrepresenting discount medical plans as legitimate health insurance or claiming they offer equivalent coverage at lower prices. Scammers also falsely claim these plans are widely accepted by medical providers, when they often have limited acceptance. Consumers should verify they are purchasing actual health insurance rather than discount plans that provide insufficient coverage.

The Massachusetts Senior Medicare Patrol Program, a national initiative to combat healthcare fraud and errors, presented educational workshops at its 11th Statewide Conference in May, emphasizing the billions of dollars annually lost to healthcare fraud and abuse. The program recommends that Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries maintain personal healthcare journals tracking all medical encounters, medications, and services, protect sensitive documents like Medicare cards, and ask key questions at medical appointments to detect errors and fraud. The MA SMP provides free educational sessions statewide and estimates that approximately 98,000 lives are lost annually due to medical errors, underscoring the importance of consumer engagement in preventing costly and health-damaging healthcare fraud and unnecessary treatments.

Vietnam veteran Leroy Theodore, Sr., a quadriplegic stroke survivor, became the subject of a guardianship dispute after St. Francis Hospital in Tulsa initiated efforts to obtain legal control of his finances and medical decisions in April 2024, despite his daughter Valerie Parks holding power of attorney and having been cleared of neglect allegations by Adult Protective Services in March. The hospital and state denied the family access to Theodore for 1.5 months while competing guardianship claims were filed in two different courts, raising concerns that Theodore's case exemplifies a growing nationwide pattern of guardianship fraud targeting vulnerable elderly patients for financial gain.

Scammers stole $3.4 billion from older U.S. adults in 2023, a 14% increase from the previous year, using tactics like romance scams, fake investments, and Medicare fraud that exploit fear and greed. Beyond financial losses, elder fraud causes significant psychological harm including anxiety, shame, depression, and in severe cases, suicidal ideation, requiring individualized mental health interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy. Older adults are particularly targeted due to their assets, trust in authority, unfamiliarity with technology, and potential cognitive changes that impair fraud recognition.

**Summary:** Medicare fraud costs U.S. taxpayers an estimated $60 billion annually, with recent investigations uncovering widespread schemes including unordered genetic testing kits, phantom billing for medical equipment, and catheter scams affecting individuals across Indiana and beyond. Notable prosecutions include a North Carolina man laundering $3 million in a $100 million DME scam and two Texas residents charged with $359 million in fraudulent genetic testing claims. Seniors should protect themselves by never sharing Medicare numbers with unverified callers, monitoring billing statements for unauthorized charges, and reporting suspicious activity to Medicare, the Senior Medicare Patrol, or the HHS Fraud Hotline.

This educational column advises readers to assume all unsolicited emails, texts, and phone calls from organizations are scams, as fraudsters have become highly skilled at impersonating legitimate entities and fabricating personal details. The author highlights common scam tactics including fake DMV/Medicare/bank requests, charity donation schemes, and "grandchild in danger" extortion, while warning that artificial intelligence now enables criminals to create convincing audio and video impersonations of known contacts. The recommended defense is to never transfer money or share sensitive information unless you initiated contact, and instead verify requests by independently looking up official contact information or using a pre-arranged "safe word" with loved ones.

A workshop in Crockett County, Tennessee educated seniors about Medicare fraud schemes, which cost the program an estimated $60 billion annually. Common scams include unsolicited calls from fraudsters posing as Medicare representatives requesting personal information, offering free equipment or prescriptions, or using stolen Medicare numbers to submit false claims. The Senior Medicare Patrol supervisor advised residents to refuse unknown callers, protect personal information, monitor their Medicare statements against actual services received, and report suspected fraud to 1-800-MEDICARE or local authorities.

In 2024, Americans over 60 reported a 46% increase in financial scams compared to 2023, resulting in losses exceeding $4.8 billion, with nearly 12,000 victims in Florida alone. Common schemes include phone and mail scams, Medicare fraud, internet scams, and power-of-attorney abuse. The article provides prevention strategies including learning to identify common scams, understanding IRS communication practices, registering on Do Not Call lists, seeking reputable financial services, and reporting suspected fraud to consumer protection agencies.

Elder fraud targeting seniors age 60+ is rapidly increasing, with nearly 72% of scams initiated using personal data scraped from the internet or purchased from data brokers, enabling criminals to conduct highly personalized attacks like AI-powered grandchild impersonation and spoofed bank calls. Texas seniors lost an average of $51,700 per complaint, while Arizona experienced the highest elder fraud rate per capita at 3.5 cases per 1,000 seniors. Protection strategies include freezing credit, using call-filtering apps, employing password managers, discussing scams with family, and utilizing data removal services to scrub personal information from people-search sites and data brokers.

A 75-year-old man in New Delhi lost Rs 20 lakh (half his life savings) to a cybercrime scheme involving unauthorized bank transfers and fixed deposit withdrawals, forcing his family to postpone a wedding. The incident reflects a broader crisis: cybercrimes targeting elderly Indians increased 86% from 2020 to 2022, with criminals exploiting seniors' digital illiteracy through fraudulent calls, links, and "digital arrest" schemes. In response, police departments and NGOs across India—including Kolkata Police, Bengaluru Police, and HelpAge India—have launched awareness campaigns and digital literacy workshops to educate seniors on cybersecurity an

During Medicare Fraud Prevention Week, Hawaii advocates warned seniors about rising scam threats, noting that kupuna lost over $52 million to internet scams in 2023. The Senior Medicare Patrol highlighted that imposter scams and identity theft are the most common fraud types targeting Hawaii residents, with particular concern as the state's aging population continues to grow.

Senior executives at Greenko Group in Hyderabad lost ₹2.7 crore ($325,000 USD equivalent) to a WhatsApp impersonation scam in June, where fraudsters posed as the Managing Director using his photo to trick officials into authorizing two fund transfers to fake accounts. The scam exploited corporate hierarchy and trust, with ₹1.95 crore transferred on June 2 and ₹75 lakh on June 5, only discovered fraudulent when details were shared with the actual MD's office. A similar attempt at another company (RCML) targeting ₹20 lakh was prevented when the CFO verified the request directly

Medicare loses $60 billion to $80 billion annually to fraud, with common scams including callers requesting Medicare numbers under the pretense of issuing new cards, unsolicited medical equipment deliveries, and strangers offering fraudulent free services like house cleaning that are billed to the government. The Senior Medicare Patrol advises beneficiaries to regularly check their Medicare summary notices on MyMedicare.gov and remain vigilant for red flags such as charges for services never received or from unfamiliar providers, and warns that some scammers trick people into unknowingly enrolling in hospice care, which can result in Medicare denying essential surgeries or medications.

Medicare Fraud Prevention Week (held annually in early June) educates older adults and healthcare providers about common fraud schemes targeting seniors, including romance scams where fraudsters pose as companions and gradually request money, diabetic supply buyback scams advertised on roadsides that endanger victims' health, and phone scams using numbers similar to legitimate healthcare providers. Experts emphasize the importance of removing stigma around fraud victimization so seniors report scams quickly, and warn that legitimate healthcare providers never request financial information over the phone.

During Medicare Fraud Prevention Week, Valley Program for Aging Services warned Shenandoah Valley seniors about rising scams in which impersonators call posing as Medicare or Social Security representatives, requesting personal information like Medicare numbers or banking details and threatening loss of benefits. Common schemes also include fake DNA screenings, rebates, and medical equipment offers, with residents reporting unauthorized charges on their Medicare statements for services never received. The organization encouraged seniors to hang up on unsolicited calls and regularly review their Medicare statements, offering local reporting resources including VICAP and the Senior Medicare Patrol.

Investment and cryptocurrency scams remain the riskiest threat for adults 55+, followed by online purchase scams and romance scams for specific age groups, according to the BBB Scam Tracker Risk Report. The article provides practical prevention strategies including: avoiding unsolicited callers (especially those claiming to be government agents or bank employees), recognizing red flags like pressure to act or unusual payment requests, hiring only licensed contractors through verified sources, remaining alert to emergency/grandchild scams, and hanging up on calls about "free" medical equipment or government impersonations. Key advice emphasizes registering with the National Do-Not-Call Registry, verifying unexpected claims through official sources, and maintaining healthy

Blue Shield of California launched educational initiatives during Medicare Fraud Prevention Week to combat rising healthcare fraud targeting seniors, noting that the U.S. Department of Justice charged 193 individuals in 2024 for schemes involving over $2.75 billion in false claims. The health plan highlighted prevalent scams including unsolicited medical supplies, impersonation schemes, phantom billing, and AI-driven fraud, and encouraged members to review statements carefully, protect personal information, and report suspicious activity to their health plan's Special Investigations Unit.

Blue Shield of California launched a Medicare Fraud Prevention Week campaign alerting seniors to common scams including unsolicited medical supplies, phantom billing, impersonation schemes, and AI-driven fraud, noting that the U.S. Department of Justice charged 193 individuals in 2024 for healthcare fraud involving over $2.75 billion in false claims. The health plan established a Special Investigations Unit and online reporting portal to detect fraud, and encourages members to review statements carefully, protect personal information, and report suspicious activity through their fraud hotline at (855) 331-4894.

The Taylor County Senior Citizens Center is promoting Medicare Fraud Prevention Week (June 5) to educate seniors on detecting and preventing Medicare fraud, which costs the program an estimated $60 billion annually. The Senior Medicare Patrol (SMP) provides free resources and guidance to help beneficiaries, caregivers, and families protect themselves through monitoring insurance statements, safeguarding Medicare numbers, and reporting suspicious activity. Community members are encouraged to watch for warning signs among elderly neighbors and contact the center at 304-265-4555 for more information and educational materials.

Hawai'i's Senior Medicare Patrol is promoting Medicare Fraud Prevention Week (June 1-7) to educate residents on identifying and reporting fraud, which costs the U.S. over $60 billion annually and threatens seniors' access to critical services. The program offers free counseling, presentations, and resources to help Medicare beneficiaries protect their information, recognize billing errors, and report suspicious activity, with particular emphasis on guarding against increasingly sophisticated scams targeting Hawai'i's elderly population. Residents can contact SMP Hawai'i at 1-800-296-9422 or attend a free webinar on June 7 to learn prevention strategies.

Lacy G. Abraham, a 39-year-old in-home caregiver in Warren, was charged with second-degree felony forgery and financial exploitation after stealing approximately $1,750 from an elderly client between October 2023 and May 2024, including forging checks and misappropriating a beneficiary check. The victim's financial harm was severe enough to cause her bank to close her checking account, and the case was initiated by the Area Agency on Aging in October 2024. Abraham was jailed with bail set at $25,000 after admitting during police interviews to cashing checks she kept for personal use rather than their intended purposes.

**Medicare Fraud Prevention Week Awareness and Protection Guide** Medicare fraud costs American taxpayers over $60 billion annually and takes various forms including overcharges, fraudulent billing, unauthorized medical equipment orders, and identity theft schemes. The Massachusetts Senior Medicare Patrol (SMP) recommends retirees protect themselves by never providing personal information over the phone, regularly reviewing Medicare statements and bills for errors, maintaining detailed medical journals documenting appointments and services received, and contacting SMP at 800-892-0890 or [email protected] if they suspect fraudulent charges or abuse.

A South Carolina couple, Larry Darnell Broadnax Jr. and Charmaine D. Broadnax, were arrested for stealing over $10,000 from a vulnerable adult through unauthorized Cash App transfers and checks; Broadnax Jr., acting as power of attorney, misappropriated funds for personal use while his co-defendant linked her account to the victim's bank account to withdraw an additional $10,000. Both face exploitation of vulnerable adult charges carrying up to five years in prison, with additional charges against each defendant potentially resulting in sentences up to 10 years.

A San Diego dermatologist was charged with 22 felony counts of healthcare insurance fraud and Medi-Cal fraud totaling $1,386,995 for billing Medi-Cal for services never rendered, including false claims for light therapy treatments on up to 233 patients daily. The investigation revealed the dermatologist falsely billed for identical or comparable services, with most patients receiving non-medical lamp treatments rather than legitimate medical care. The case was prosecuted by the California Attorney General's office with assistance from the FBI, California Department of Healthcare Services, and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General.

The Senior LinkAge Line is offering a free virtual presentation on June 4 covering health care fraud, waste, and abuse prevention, noting that scams targeting older adults are on the rise. The presentation, developed with the Senior Medicare Patrol program, provides information on fraud prevention, detection, and reporting to help seniors protect themselves and their personal information.

Over 80 seniors attended an educational seminar in West Hempstead to learn scam prevention strategies, as the FBI reported that people aged 60 and older suffered the largest losses in 2024's $16 billion in online scams and cybercrimes. Nassau County Police Officer Eugene Messmer presented the SCAM framework (Stop, Check, Alert, Mention) and detailed common scams including phone/email fraud, IRS imposters, sweepstakes schemes, and identity theft, emphasizing that scammers use professional tactics and recommending verification steps like calling back through official numbers. Key prevention advice includes never clicking suspicious links, refusing to pay via wire transfer or gift cards, protecting personal

This article discusses shifts in the Trump administration's white-collar enforcement priorities as of 2025, not elder fraud or scams affecting seniors. The DOJ has deprioritized enforcement in several areas including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (paused for 180 days), environmental litigation, and certain cryptocurrency regulations, while indicating it will focus on fraud involving cartels and transnational criminal organizations. This content is outside the scope of elder fraud research and is not relevant to the Elderus database.